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3. Brazil of the Sea and the Coast GDP (35%). A less pronounced variation (20%). The share of Coastal and Marine
occurs in relation to the coastal economy, GDP in the Brazilian economy in 2015 and
The methodology used to obtain data pared to 2.6 % in 2015); (ii) Adjacent to the that is, in the Adjacent to the Sea scope 2018 is shown in Graph 2.
on the sea and coastal economy for the Sea, indirectly related to the economy of the
year 2018 was the Input-Output Model. sea, relevant to the coastal economy (around Graph 2 – Share of Sea and Coast GDP in the national economy – 2015 and 2018
In the present case, the second IOMSea is 16.5% of the national GDP in the years sur- 2015 2018
presented, since the first accounted for the veyed). It is worth mentioning that in Annex
data for the year 2015. A are the activities of the Marine Dimension
scope (Table A.1), which are the most import-
3.1 Brazilian Coastal and Marine ant in this portion of the economy as they are
Gross Domestic Product highly dependent on natural resources.
A growth in the indicator was identified For a better view of the indicator’s evo-
for the mentioned years, although modest: lution, Table 4 breaks it down into sectors.

Thus, it is observed that: (i) Marine Dimen- Comparing the values between 2015
sion, directly related to the economy of the and 2018, the Marine Dimension scope Coastal and Marine GDP Coastal and Marine GDP
sea (3.0% of national GDP in 2018 com- showed the highest percentage growth in Other Sectors Other Sectors
Source: Author’s elaboration
Table 4 – Brazilian Coastal and
Marine GDP In 2018, the representative share of zilian economy is going through unstable
activities directly and indirectly related to periods, as illustrated in Graph 3. The na-
Setor GDP (billions BR) 2015- the sea registered a 19.5% share in the tional GDP showed a significant drop in
2015 % Mar 2018 national economy (0.6 p.p above 2015). mid-2014, pointing to decreases in the
% Mar 2018
Living Marine Resources 10,768 1.0 18,501 1.4 0.72 Before going into the analysis of the GDP economic activity and the job market, ris-

Marine Energy 16,790 1.5 49,437 3.6 1.94 of the Sea and the sectoral breakdown, ing inflation, and interest rates in the fol-
it is necessary to point out that the Bra- lowing years.
Marine Manufactures 38,083 3.4 27,298 2.0 -0.28
Marine Transport 9,192 0.8 7,3550 0.5 -0.20
Graph 3 - Evolution % of Brazilian GDP between the years 2010 to 2020
Marine Services 60,305 5.4 82,840 6.1 0.37
10
10
Marine Defense 22,342 2.0 26,950 1.9 0.21
8 8 7,5
7,5
Marine Dimension 157,480 14.1 212,381 15.6 0.35
6 6
Primary Adjacent to the Sea 23,891 2.1 23,950 1.8 0.00
4,0
4 4 4,0
Secondary Adjacent to the Sea 173,472 15.5 191,213 14.0 0.10 2 2 3,0 1,8
3,0
1,8
1,3
1,9
1,4
Tertiary Adjacent to the Sea 762,717 68.2 937,505 68.7 0.23 Variação (%) Variação (%) 1,9 0,5 1,3 1,4
0,5
2015
2013
2014
2016
2019
2020
2017
2018
2010
2011
Adjacent to the Sea 960,080 85.9 1152,668 84.4 0.20 0 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2012
-2
-2
Total 1117,56 100 1365,049 100 0.22 -3,3
-3,3
-4
-3,5
-4,1
-4 -3,5 -4,1
Participation in the national economy 18.9 19.4
-6
-6
Source: author’s elaboration, with methodology proposed by Carvalho (2018)
Source: author’s elaboration, based on IBGE data (2021)
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574