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among  the  67  Biotechnology  programs  in   productive sectors, with emphasis on the                            companies, it is recommended to increase   markets for biotechnological products,
               operation in Brazil, only 1, the one in asso-  prospection of compounds of marine origin                          the participation of these agencies.     particularly for inputs used in R&D and
                                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                                                                          government purchases.
                                                                                                                                    Create programs for training profes-
               ciation between the Admiral Paulo Moreira   with antifouling actions, and their incorpo-                          sionals in biotechnology, along the lines of  .
               Institute for Sea Studies (IEAPM - Instituto   ration into paints and studies of antiviral and                                                                Public investment in research, aiming to
               de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Morei-  antitumor substances in the health area.                                Capes’ special programs; and expand the   reach the level of companies in the same
                                                                                                                                                                          segment abroad.
                                                                                                                                 promotion programs to promote the reten-
               ra) and the Universidade Federal Fluminense   Also, the 3 original research lines (Biore-                         tion of masters and doctors in companies  .
               created in 2016 in Arraial do Cabo, RJ, is   sources, Production System and Marine Nat-                                                                       Develop information and awareness pro-
               specific in terms of Marine Biotechnology.  ural Products and their uses) were expanded                           in order to meet the demand of biotech-  grams on marine biotechnology that can
                 This program was also the first program   in 2020 to research lines related to Environ-                         nology companies.                        increase the population’s perception of the
               of the Brazilian Navy accredited by CAPES,   mental Biotechnology, incorporating the                               .  Tax incentives for companies, allowing   importance of marine biotechnology for
               which constitutes an important strategic ad-  areas of Pollution by Oil and Microplastics,                        them to secure at least part of the national    Brazilian society.
               vantage because the structures of laborato-  Biofouling, Bioinvasion, Bioremediation and                          References
               ries, ships, and logistical support from the   Bioacoustics. All these areas have content
               Navy are made available to the program,   associated with intellectual property, tech-                            AGÊNCIA BRASIL SAÚDE. Available in:      MARRA, NICHOLAS J. ; STANHOP, MI-
               which is an aspect of extreme relevance giv-  nological innovation, entrepreneurship and                          https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/no-  CHAEL E; JUE, NATHANIEL;  WANG, MIN-
               en the peculiarities and demands required   other topics, in order to train graduates who                         ticia/2021-03/pesquisadores-da-unb-desen-  GHUI;  SUN, QI; PAULINA PAVINSKI BITAR;
               for the investigation of marine ecosystems,   are better qualified to carry out activities in                     volvem-mascara-que-inativa-coronavirus.   VINCENT P. RICHARDS; ALEKSEY KOMIS-
               from a biotechnological perspective. The   the productive sector and entrepreneurship.                            Access on: 15 Apr. 2022.                 SAROV; MAHMOOD S. SHIVJI. White shark
               interaction with the Brazilian Navy also al-  The results of these efforts can already be                         CIVI-CO COWORKING. Available in: https://  genome reveals ancient elasmobranch ad-
                                                                                                                                                                          aptations associated with wound healing
               lows the IEAPM/UFF Graduate Program in   measured with the presence in the program                                civi-co.com/english-foodtechs-pancs-su-  and the maintenance of genome stability.
               Biotechnology (Master’s and Doctoral level)   today of 27 researchers from different areas                        peralimentos-o-sabor-da-sustentabilidade/.   PNAS. 116 (10) 4446-4455. 2019. DOI:
                                                                                                                                 Access on: 16 Apr. 2022.
               to consistently advance in the development   of the IEAPM, UFF, UFRJ, USP, UFBA, FURG,                            BOLZANI, Eliezer J. Barreiro Vanderlan da   https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1819778116.
               of relevant biotechnological products and   INPI and the defense of 46 master’s disser-                           Silva. Biodiversidade: fonte potencial para   OCEAN DROP. Available in: https://ocean-
               processes in the regional and national con-  tations, 10 doctoral dissertations and 616                           a descoberta de fármacos. Química Nova.   drop.com.br. Access on: 16 Apr. 2022.
               text. Interactions with the public and private   bibliographic productions in 4 years.                            32 (3). 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/  PANOWSKI S, BHAKTA S, RAAB H, PO-
                                                                                                                                 S0100-40422009000300012.                 LAKIS P, JUNUTULA JR. Site-specific anti-
               9. Final considerations                                                                                           KIM, S.H.; KIM, H. Inhibitory Effect of As-  body drug conjugates for cancer therapy.
                                                                                                                                 taxanthin on Oxidative Stress-Induced Mito-  MAbs. Jan-Feb; 6(1):34-45. 2014. DOI:
                 In Brazil, marine biotechnology compa-  incubation process. Considering the lower                               chondrial Dysfunction-A Mini-Review. Nu-  10.4161/mabs.27022.
               nies face several obstacles in their R&D, de-  participation of biotechnology companies in                        trients. 10(9):1137. 2018. DOI: 10.3390/  ERWIN, PATRICK M.; LÓPEZ-LEGENTIL,
               velopment, regulation and commercializa-  the programs of the National Bank for Eco-                              nu10091137.                              SUSANNA; SCHUHMANN, PETER W. The
               tion activities. Some suggestions to improve   nomic and Social Development (BNDES), it                           MALVE, H. Exploring the ocean for new    pharmaceutical value of marine biodiversity
               .   Reformulation of regulatory bodies,   of this bank, expanding its service to these                            ogy. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 8(2):83-91.   Economics, Volume 70, Issue 2, Pages 445-
               these bottlenecks are presented below:   is recommended to review the requirements                                drug developments: Marine pharmacol-     for anti-cancer drug Discovery. Ecological
                                                        micro and small companies.
               equipping them with qualified personnel in   .                                                                    2016. DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.171700.     451, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
                                                                                                                                                                          ecolecon.2010.09.030.
                                                                                                                                 MAYER, A.M.; GLASER, K.B.; CUEVAS, C.;
               biotechnology and improving administrative    Greater continuity, frequency and agility of                        JACOBS, R.S.; KEM, W.; LITTLE, R.D. et al.   PHARMAMAR. Available in: https://mailchi.
               efficiency in the processing of processes, es-  development programs. Noting that Finep                           The odyssey of marine pharmaceuticals:   mp/fd4a40254e82/la-revista-science-con-
               pecially for micro and small companies.  and the Research Support Foundations (FAPs                                                                        firma-la-potente-actividad-de-plitidepsi-
               .  Public investment programs for incubated   - Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa) are the                           A current pipeline perspective. Trends   na-de-pharmamar-frente-al-sars-cov-2?e=2
                                                                                                                                 Pharmacol Sci. 2010; 31:255-65. DOI:
               companies and/or newly emerging from the   agencies that best serve biotechnology                                 10.1016/j.tips.2010.02.005.              d496a8fd4. Access on: 16 Apr. 2022.



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