Page 503 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

aimed at stimulating the national produc- of Marine Biotechnology is shrimp farm- methods aimed at increasing productivity in product development. There is also a lack
tion of vaccines, diagnostic kits, blood prod- ing, the fastest growing segment of aqua- national shrimp farming. The impact of these of knowledge among researchers and en-
ucts and other bio-industry products, such culture in the world. In Brazil, Ceará is the developments is perceived by the population, trepreneurs about the legislation and the
as medicines and supplies for the treatment largest producer and accounts for 50% of both because of the increase in the availabil- possibilities of interaction between the uni-
of diseases occurring in the country. all national production. It is known that ity of shrimp on the Brazilian table at more versity and private companies.
The improvement of public health is direct- approximately 40% of the shrimp weight affordable prices than shrimp caught at sea, Another problem is related to startups,
ly linked to the development of biotechnolo- is considered discard residue, such as the and in the large number of direct and indirect which have difficulties doing business with
gy. Examples of this are the scientific research head, tail, and shell, generating large jobs generated by this activity. large companies, even those installed in
underway in Brazil and the National Program amounts of organic matter that must be Thus, highlighting these positive aspects Technological Parks, because they are very
for Competitiveness in Vaccines (Inovacina), properly discarded. Thus, the reuse of of research and development activities in small and cannot meet demand and some-
developed by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation shrimp farming residues through biotech- Marine Biotechnology can change society’s times cannot even register as suppliers. In
(Fiocruz) and other institutions linked to the nological resources is an innovative alter- perception of the importance of the area turn, there is no bridge between the small,
Ministry of Health. Through them, the gov- native to reduce environmental pollution and thus enable greater investment. incubated companies residing in the tech-
ernment has been increasing the production caused by this activity. We have as a re- On the other hand, the problems as- nologic Poles and the research laboratories.
of vaccines, medicines and supplies for the cent example the 100% national develop- sociated with the development of Marine It is necessary to emphasize that bio-

treatment of various diseases, especially the ment of a face mask that inactivates the Biotechnology in Brazil are located in sev- technology is an area of technological in-
so-called neglected diseases such as malaria, coronavirus by being coated with a chi- eral sectors, including researchers, compa- novation that is revolutionizing different
Chagas disease, leprosy and others that af- tosan nanofilm, a substance isolated from nies, and the government. There is a lack sectors of the economy, as it provides new
fect populations in developing countries, but shrimp shells, evidencing the innovation of knowledge on the part of researchers processes, products and services that are
which, because they are eradicated in devel- capacity of Brazilian researchers. about the Innovation Law and about the more efficient and often less impacting on
oped nations, do not receive adequate atten- Another example is the genetic improve- rights and deadlines for obtaining patents, the environment. However, for innovation
tion from the pharmaceutical industry. The ment of breeding stocks, based on classical which often result in the publication of their to occur, embodied in new products and
Federal Government’s initiatives gained mo- breeding. Biotechnological protocols used in inventions before patent filing. In addition, processes, actions are needed that tran-
mentum from 2004 onwards, when, in line cultivated aquatic organisms, which aim to international companies residing in Techno- scend the level of research in universities.
with the world trend, the research activity be- increase growth rates and disease resistance, logical Parks develop technologies based on Due to the revolutionary nature of this area
came closer to the national health policy. The have been studied and improved. Among service contracts with ICT laboratories, but and, therefore, a priority for the develop-
change in focus was established based on the available techniques, chromosomal ma- patents, as they are owned by companies, ment of any nation, the Brazilian State
the construction of the National Agenda of nipulation, although still incipient, presents in most cases do not stay in Brazil. must act through public policies to pro-
Priorities in Health Research, allowing health itself as an adequate tool to mitigate ecolog- On the other hand, the Technological mote innovation and development in the
studies to primarily address the principles and ical and economic issues in shrimp farming. Innovation Centers (NITs) do not have a area, through instruments such as exclusive
needs of the Unified Health System (SUS). Artificial polyploidization, a method already sector/team that identifies potential inter- purchases, special lines of financing, tech-
Thus, many researches in Marine Bio- used in fish and mollusks, has been widely ested parties in the market and offers li- nology transfer, among others, aimed at a
technology can greatly contribute to the researched for use in cultured shrimp. Some censing. There is no bridge with the market more fruitful interaction between universi-
development of public health in Brazil limitations of the expansion of this method in and the university, which do not focus on ties, research institutions and companies.
and informing the population about this shrimp refer to a better knowledge of cytoge-
role will enable a greater appreciation netic aspects, the level of sexual dimorphism 8. Training of human resources in Marine Biotechnology, in Brazil
and consequently a recognition of the and performance under culture conditions.
importance of this science for society. The results obtained provide information that Research related to Marine Biotechnolo- related areas such as Chemistry of Natural
Another area that can be used as an ex- contributes to the improvement and dissemi- gy at the postgraduate level in Brazil is car- Products, Genetics and Molecular Biology,
ample to value and change the perception nation of the applied use of biotechnological ried out in courses in Marine Sciences and Aquaculture, Food, Health Science. However,

500 BLUE ECONOMY Development of Marine Biotechnology 501