Page 494 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

Based on the strategic role of Marine .
bioenergy, with 63% of companies found- bioproducts in the context of patents are Public-private partnerships can engage
ed after 2000, the vast majority of which monoclonal antibodies, which function Biotechnology in the Brazilian socioeco- in joint funding of equipment and data
are micro or small companies, which have mainly as molecules capable of precisely nomic scenario, the following corollaries collection and management functions, tak-
their research and development centers locating a target substance and binding deserve to be highlighted: ing into account the different interests of
associated with Incubators of Companies to it. These bioproducts are highly com- . well-established and emerging marine in-
within universities. This demonstrates that plex and often involve the filing of mul- The potential of marine biotechnolo- dustries.
the biotechnology market is extremely new tiple patent applications, even if they are gy for many applications and in different
and expanding, following developments related to the same biological medicine industrial sectors is a relevant point when On the other hand, the challenge facing
.
and advances in research within universi- due to the various technologies subject to quantifying the bioeconomy. the marine biotechnology industry in the
ties. Another important fact is that 77% of protection. In Brazil, in order to obtain a The share of marine biotechnology in the next millennium is:
the reagents used by these companies are patent, it is necessary that such technolo- market economy should grow at the same .
imported, making the innovation process gies be genetically modified and different time as the generation of innovative appli- identify new sources of marine bioprod-
.
.
more expensive. from their natural counterparts. cations based on marine resources. ucts;
The biotechnology job market, while Biotechnological processes, in turn, Marine biotechnology as a segment that . develop new screening technologies;
vast and attractive, is still developing, as are defined as production processes or contributes to the bioeconomy and ocean . provide a sustainable source of supply; and
demonstrated by the increase in the num- other types – such as an environmental . optimize the production and recovery of
economy.
ber of masters and doctoral degrees in process, for example – that use one or There is a gap in accessible research infra- bioproducts.
areas such as health sciences, biological more biotechnological techniques and/or structure for marine biotechnology. While
sciences, and agricultural sciences. As an products. In this context, active biotech- research infrastructure needs are generally Regarding Patents in 2015, the INPI pub-
example, the biotechnology market is still nology companies are defined as those of a more general nature, the anticipated lished Resolution 144, which establishes the
dominated by chemical pharmaceuticals, companies whose key activities are relat- scale of opportunities offered by marine Guidelines for Examination of Patent Ap-
which are purely synthetic and consist of ed to biotechnology, from the application biotechnology, linked to the immensity of plications in the Biotechnology Area. These
small molecules with a simple structure. of at least one biotechnology technique the ocean environment, demands special guidelines are important to define biotech-
With the rise and understanding of the to produce products, services and/or re- requirements. nology concepts in accordance with the INPI’s
.
complex mechanisms linked to the modi- search. Despite not being highlighted in The shared and dynamic nature of ocean understanding and to assist in the analysis of
fication of genes and the use of cells and the Brazilian Biotechnology Development biological resources, together with the patentability in requests for protection. How-
microorganisms, provided by new and bet- Policy, Marine Biotechnology is rapidly be- sheer volume of development opportuni- ever, it is known that the biggest problem

ter qualified professionals, it became pos- coming an important area of the global ties (and challenges), means that national currently faced by the INPI is the backlog (or
sible to manufacture biological medicines, biotechnology sector, due to its potential and international cooperation is a basic re- delay in the examination of patent applica-
which consist of larger molecules with a to contribute to the future challenges of quirement for developing infrastructure to tions), where the wait for the issuance of a
.
complex structure. In this way, inventions humanity, generate wealth and contrib- support marine biotechnology. technical opinion is long, affecting the time
aimed at biological products and processes ute to the development of greener and One of the most pressing needs related for a final decision to be issued.
have become promising in the treatment smarter economies. On the other hand, to research infrastructure is the standard- From the point of view of national and
and prevention of a wider range of diseas- marine biotechnology is not an autono- ization of protocols and procedures – from foreign companies, Biotechnology is cur-
es, such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheu- mous field, but it is expected to contrib- data or sampling collection, storage and rently the source of greatest innovation.
matoid arthritis, and asthma. ute in the future to the development of a management, curation, analysis, stor- However, there is a need for great invest-
In the last decade, the number of pro- mature bioeconomy, based on biomass of age and calculation capabilities, and legal ment in research and development (R&D)
cesses and products from Biotechnology marine origin for biofuel for example, and frameworks for using data (gross). Linking behind biological medicines, which is basi-
reflected in patent applications has grown on cutting edge bio-based products from and communicating between databases is cally influenced by the need for longer and
significantly. Among the most prominent marine resources. a particular challenge. more complex laboratory studies, and for

492 BLUE ECONOMY Development of Marine Biotechnology 493