Page 259 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

for certain species, an increase in fish pro- characteristic of touristic activity is the abil- potential to damage natural environments time, scale, and location. In addition, there
duction by capture, demonstrating scope ity to be compatible with other activities, that have crucial resources for another. are external factors such as climate change,
for expanding production as the marine providing (at best) the reduction of conflicts An example is offshore wind turbines and economic pressures and cultural behavior
environment and renewable biological re- between uses and resources. But one of the tourism, since these wind turbines can that can affect socioeconomic activities and
sources present healthy conditions. main assets of tourism is the ecosystems drastically alter landscapes, one of the their relationship with ESs (GARCIA-ONETTI
Other activities where this link is rele- themselves, making it dependent on the main assets of coastal tourism. Another et al., 2018). Blue Economy sectors collabo-
vant are aquaculture, the port sector and health of marine and coastal environments. example is the impact of sand extraction, rate directly and indirectly to the economy,
navigation. Aquaculture, related to the This means that negative impacts on which can reduce the erosion control ca- as they promote contributions to the specif-
living marine resources sector, depends di- these ecosystems tend to affect the tour- pacity of the dunes, reflecting on tourism ic sector and, at the same time, promote a
rectly on biodiversity, especially aquatic an- ism sector directly and indirectly. Coastal by reducing of beach areas, and on urban value-added chain on adjacent economy sec-
imals and plants, and water quality. Marine tourism, in the EU, is the sector that con- infrastructure, making it susceptible to tors, generating income and employment.
ecosystem services of dilution and filtering tributes the most to the Blue Economy, in erosion and flooding events. Thus, understanding how the territo-
of pollutants are extremely important for terms of Gross Value Added (GVA), profit On the other hand, Böhnke-Henrichs rial management of these systems takes
aquaculture. The transformation of man- and jobs, since it stands out for its strong et al. (2013) point out that some activi- place is crucial for an integrated and ef-
groves and marshes into anthropic environ- use of labor, often from small and medi- ties benefit from another activity, and ficient planning. Although sectoral plans
ments affects water quality and the avail- um-sized local or family businesses (Euro- ultimately, from the ESs that benefit this continue to be fundamental for economic
ability of raw materials for aquaculture. pean Commission, 2020). other activity. For example, tourism bene- development, integrating them and mak-
The maritime transport sector and port Thinking about a Blue Economy pre- fits from fisheries and aquaculture, which ing them compatible in a vision of territo-
activities, on the other hand, have their lo- sumes the compatibility of several activi- means that tourism also benefits from ESs rial planning is an inseparable step from
gistics closely linked to coastal and marine ties in a pre-defined space (Coastal Zone, that support fisheries (habitats, biodiversi- the Blue Economy.
environments, and a complete economic Exclusive Economic Zone, and others ), ty, nursery, among others). It is a fact that scientific knowledge is
cycle will only have longevity if the main- based on ecosystem management. Some Another example is the mineral, oil important to support the ICM and support
tenance of basic ESs is considered when of these activities may have a dual rela- and gas industries that benefit from ports the Blue Economy Agenda in the country,
building infrastructures such as, for ex- tionship with certain ESs, benefiting and and shipping lanes, and therefore also rely especially in the context of the EBM. How-
ample, the capacity of filtering pollutants, negatively impacting them. Barragán on erosion control, for example. However, ever, for effective management and more
coastal protection and erosion control. Both (2014) describes this relationship as an au- these activities are often supported by large assertive decision-making, it is necessary
activities play a key role in the EU economy tophagic process. As examples the author and heavily capitalized companies, use a to incorporate the perspectives of all the
and trade, generating direct and indirect cites tourism and fishing. reduced number of workers and, in many stakeholders involved on an appropriate
jobs (European Commission, 2020). As an Tourism largely benefits from a natural cases, tend to develop less direct relation- scale, through participatory processes that
example of a measure to mitigate impacts, system that allows different experiences ships with local communities, unlike coastal allow representative groups expose their
the adoption of multi-activity transport for users. On the other hand, it can be tourism. Thus, according to the European interests and opinions, thus reducing the
with optimized logistics tends to reduce responsible for deteriorating the same Commission (2020), these industries have a chances that the final result doesn’t meet
environmental impacts, enabling the use of landscape on which it is based, especial- considerable fraction of global profits while stakeholders’ needs (GRANEK et al., 2009),
ecological fleets, reducing potential dam- ly when it is an activity without planning providing a minimal fraction of the percent- or does not connect with the local reality.
age to ecosystems and their services. (BUTLER, 2004). Fishing is a classic exam- age of jobs related to the Blue Economy, For the organization of the multiple ac-
Among the Blue Economy sectors, tour- ple of depletion of the same ES on which with its income attenuated by 11% in the tivities in the marine environment the Inter-
ism is one of the main activity that gener- the sector is dependent. period between 2009 and 2018. governmental Oceanographic Commission
ate incomes and it is associated with a large Another example discussed by Barragán This entire complex framework that (IOC) has disseminated and supported the
number of ESs, indicating its relevance in (2014) concerns to the incompatibility be- involves an economy based on ecosystem development of the MSP (Marine Spatial
the coastal and oceanic context. The main tween activities, when an activity has the management is intimately dependent on Planning) among its member states, which

256 BLUE ECONOMIY The management of the Coastal Zone of Brazil 257