Page 257 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

items I to V; VII. dismembered from those their services, existing and potential activ- structures that provide these same benefits resources, marine renewable energy, port
already included in the CZ. ities, actors involved, analysis of conflicts (PIROT et al., 2000). activities, shipbuilding and repair, maritime
Based on the aforementioned delimita- of use. The proposition of alternative sce- In the European Union (EU), among transport and coastal tourism (European
tion of the geographic space to be planned, narios based on trade-offs that will support the policy instruments used with an eco- Commission, 2020). The depletion or the
the entire coastal management framework decision making complements this process system-oriented perspective, the ma- generation of negative impacts on these
in the country was developed. Topic 3 of (BÖHNKE-HENRICHS et al., 2013; BLYTHE rine strategy directive framework (MSDF) resources can be the cause of problems for
this chapter will deepen the conceptual et al., 2020). stands out as a strategy for the integrated the various socioeconomic sectors that are
and methodological aspects of this system, De Groot (2002) states that ecosystems management of land, water and living re- closely linked to the oceans and CZ.
seeking to identify the points of conver- produce basic goods and services, catego- sources that enables the conservation and As examples of the indisputable link be-
gence between GERCO and the develop- rized and classified: (1) provision services use resource sustainability. In this strategy, tween natural environments and human
ment of a Blue Economy in Brazil. (e.g., food, water, fiber, biochemicals, ge- the EBM takes into account the cumulative benefits, Böhnke-Henrichs et al. (2013) re-
netic resources), (2) support services (e.g., impacts and pressures of different activities lated functions and ESs to the development
nutrient cycling, primary production), (3) and sectors in order to ensure that they re- of economic activities (Figure 1). For exam-
2.1 Ecosystem Services, uses and acti- regulatory services (e.g. climate regula- main in compliance with the conditions of ple, fisheries, encompassed by the marine
vities in coastal and marine areas
tion, water purification), (4) cultural ser- a healthy, productive and resilient ecosys- living resources sector, are dependent on
There is a real possibility that the inte- vices (e.g., recreation and tourism, spiritual tem, capable of providing the goods and the biodiversity present in the marine envi-
grated management of coastal and marine and religious, aesthetic, inspiring and ed- services needed and desired by humans ronment and in the CZ, including algae and
zones will form the basis of a Blue Econo- ucational) - It should be noted that there (European Commission, 2020). seagrass, mangroves and coral reefs.
my Agenda. It involves the development of are other classifications for ecosystem ser- In this way, understanding the ES ser- Fisheries also depend on the ability of
instruments that promote environmentally vices, such as those by Haines-Young and vices provided by different ecosystem marine environments to disperse gametes,
sustainable management that is social- Potschin (2010) and Böhnke-Henrichs et al. components and their relationship with maintain nursery populations and habi-
ly inclusive, which can be operationalized (2013), among others. Ecosystem services economic sectors and human well-being tats, and regulate the chemical condition
through a legal arrangement for Integrated are vital not only for the maintenance and is crucial for the planning and ordering of of salt waters. This means that if seagrass,
Coastal Management and governance de- health of ecosystems themselves and their economic activities and, consequently, for mangroves, coral reefs and other marine
velopment (GERHARDINGER et al., 2020). components, but also for populations living the development of a Blue Economy Agen- environments are significantly impacted,
ICM in Brazil has legal instruments, in coastal areas (ODUM and ODUM, 2001). da. Established sectors contributing to the fisheries will be negatively impacted too
discussed further below. The existence of In addition, SE can be configured as indica- EU’s Blue Economy, for example, include (SCHERER; ASMUS, 2016). In the EU, be-
these instruments conceives the prerog- tors of environmental quality and human living marine resources, non-living marine tween 2009 and 2018, fisheries recorded,
ative for an environmentally sustainable well-being, serving to guide the disposition
management; however, their implemen- of human activities, characterizing them as Figure 1. Flow of Ecosystem Services and their benefits
tation is procedural and involves actions in fundamental for the development of the
the short, medium, and long term, which Blue Economy.
will direct the scenarios for the effective An Ecosystem-Based Management
management of coastal areas, allowing the (EBM) can be defined as an approach
consonance between the economic activ- that tries to reconcile the human uses of
ities and the maintenance of ecosystems ecosystems, including economic activities Ecosystem Ecosystem Benefits to Economic
and their services. and subsistence, with their maintenance, Structure and Service Stakeholders and Social
Function
Value
Therefore, it is important to have a seeking a balance between the benefits of
territorial diagnosis that considers the fol- their use, the generation of wealth and the
lowing aspects: survey of ecosystems and sustainability of ecosystem processes and Source: adapted from Böhnke-Henrichs et al., 2013

254 BLUE ECONOMIY The management of the Coastal Zone of Brazil 255