Page 487 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

2. Impacts of marine bioprospecting on Brazilian and world society
Figure 2. The relevance of the Amazônia Azul (Blue Amazon)
in the context of Marine Biotechnology The impact of marine bioprospecting work was published there were only two
on society is evidenced by the growing pharmaceuticals based on marine natural
number of studies involving marine bio- products approved for clinical use against
technology and the large areas of Health, cancer. However, in the last decade that
Energy, Materials and Defense, consolidat- number has risen to 12, which far exceeds
ing its great current and future potential the predictions originally made. In Brazil,
0 S for Brazilian and global society (Figure 3). there are two Brazilian innovations based
0
In 2010, Erwin and colleagues demon- on natural products approved for clinical
strated a monetary estimate for the phar- use, Acheflan® as an anti-inflammatory,
BLUE AMAZON
maceutical value of marine biodiversity obtained from Cordia verbenacea, known
EEZ = 3,540,000 KM² from the potential for drug discovery to as baleeira weed or maria-milagrosa, by
Extension = 960,000 KM² treat cancer. Estimating up to 600,000 Aché Laboratories, and from Helleva® for
TOTAL AREA 4.5 new chemical substances, 90% of which erectile dysfunction, made up of lodenafil
are awaiting their discovery, they suggest- carbonate, a synthetic substance devel-
MILLION KM²
20 S ed that this study could result in the devel- oped by Cristália Produtos Químicos Far-
0
opment of more than 200 new anticancer macêuticos Ltda.
pharmaceuticals, which amounted to be- Specifically in the health area, new ef-
tween US$563 billion and US$5.69 tril- fective pharmaceuticals of marine origin
lion. It is noteworthy that at the time this are being discovered and tested all the time

Desenvolvimento da Biotecnologia Marinha
Development of Marine Biotechnology
40 S
0
070 W 070 W 030 W
0
0
0
90000
90000
80000
Source: Own Elaboration (2022) 80000
70000
70000
60000
recognized biodiversity of species elevate microbiologists, biologists, doctors, law- Publications (2010-2022) 60000
50000
50000
marine biotechnology to the level of a yers, businessmen, economists, etc. Publicações (2010-2022) 40000
40000
strategic area in the National Science and The purpose of the chapter is to eval- 30000
30000
Technology Plan and in the Defense White uate the fundamentals of biotechnology, 20000
20000
Book (MD, 2012; PNCT, 2000) (Figure 2). with emphasis on marine bioprospecting 10000
10000
In the present chapter, biotechnology is and the production of derived pharma- 0 o
Defesa
Materiais
Energy
Health
defined as the activity based on multidis- ceuticals, reviewing the impacts on society, Defense Material Energia Saúde
ciplinary knowledge, which uses biological the economic sectors involved in Brazil, the
agents to make useful products or solve guidelines for the full development of the Figure 3. Publications registered with sions, with all keywords anywhere in the
article “biotechnology”, “marine” and
Google Scholar between 2010 and 2022.
problems. This definition is broad enough Blue Economy in the country and, finally, The search criteria were: articles of any changing between “defense”, “mate-
to encompass activities as varied as engi- how biotechnology is applied in various nature and language, except for revi- rial”, “energy” and “health”
neers, chemists, agronomists, veterinarians, productive sectors of society. Source: Own Elaboration (2022)
484 BLUE ECONOMY Development of Marine Biotechnology 485
484 BLUE ECONOMY