Page 570 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

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BRAZIL OF THE SEA AND THE COAST: 2. The coast of the Atlantic Ocean

AN ECONOMIC APPROACH Brazil has a total area of 8,515,767,049 Brazilian coastal zone. There are more

km², divided between 26 states plus the than 400 municipalities bathed by inland
Federal District. Of these, 17 states make waters and the Atlantic Ocean; of these,
up the Brazilian coast (63% of Brazil): the 280 (5% national) are exclusively in front
Andréa Bento Carvalho eastern region and a small portion of the of the sea and are targets of the study in
northern region. this chapter. Table 1 presents the regions,
In 2021, the Ministry of the Environ- the federation units, and the estimated
ment (MMA) published the updated list population of the municipalities in front
1
of municipalities in the land strip of the of the sea.
Figure 1 – Brazilian Coast

1. Introduction

The different uses of sea resources and activities? The Input-Output Model (IOM)
their related activities are important strategies was chosen to meet the objectives pursued
for the growth and sustainable economic de- by the work, resulting in the Brazilian In-
velopment of nations. Therefore, it is neces- put-Output Matrix of the Sea 2018, herein-
sary to properly identify the economic con- after referred to as IOM Sea 2018.
tribution, through quantification of its uses. The growing demand for coastal-marine
Studies in this area are a worldwide trend resources imposes the relevance of identify-
for several reasons, including: (i) increased ing the sea and coastal GDP as an indicator
demand for coastal environmental resources of contribution of the uses offered by the
for human survival, coastal protection, rec- natural resource to the economy, in addition
reation and climate control; (ii) global pop- to being a relevant indicator of economic
ulation and economic growth (pressure on growth that can support and direct the for-
the entire coastal environment); (iii) conser- mulation of public policies and investments.
vation of the marine ecosystem (HEINRICH For this, the chapter is divided into four
BÖLL, 2017); (iv) governance of resources more sections, in addition to the introduc-
and uses in Exclusive Economic Zones. tory one. The next section presents some
Thus, regarding the Brazilian reality, this geographic and economic characteristics
chapter intends to present an overview and of coastal states and municipalities in front
discuss the economic contribution of the sea of the sea. The third section presents the
and the national coast. Therefore, the main measured results and discusses them in the
questions to be answered are: What is the context of the Brazilian coastal and marine
contribution of the economy related to the economy. The fifth and last section presents
sea for Brazil? What are the predominant the final considerations of the work.

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Brazil of the Sea and the Coast 569
BLUE ECONOMY
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