Page 243 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

4.1 What are the benefits of MSP requirements for the protection, conser- Among all the benefits of the MSP, in 4.2 Main difficulties
Brazil is one of the States that has the vation, use and defense of these areas the economic segment, the contribution to
greatest responsibility in relation to its in the South Atlantic. The Table 2 shows greater clarity of laws, public policies and Despite the MSP being an instrument that
marine spaces under jurisdiction. This can examples of MSP benefits in three seg- other normative instruments that instill less is increasingly being sought as a regulatory
result in gains and development oppor- ments: ecological/environmental, eco- uncertainty in private and public invest- framework in dozens of countries, it can be
tunities, but it presupposes international nomic and social. ments, and to the coastal State itself in the controversial. Vivero (2021) recalls that there
processes of assignment of areas marine. is a tendency for the MSP to encompass the
Table 2. Examples of PEM benefits. In general, large marine enterprises are entire legal framework governing coastal and
characterized by high costs, whether in the marine activities, but this can be difficult to
ECOLOGICAL/ Identification of important biological and ecological areas. implementation, maintenance or demo- implement. On the other hand, the conver-
ENVIRONMENTAL Incorporation of biodiversity-related objectives into decision-making. bilization phases, in addition to the need gence of all marine governance instruments
BENEFITS Identification and reduction of conflicts between human uses for adequate infrastructure on land (ports, and the intention to link them to the MSP
and nature. roads, railways, logistics warehouses, etc.) is due to the fact that some of these instru-
to meet demands from offshore activities. ments are outdated or outdated, being inad-
Space allocation for biodiversity and nature conservation.
Subsidies for planning marine protected areas. These are usually medium/long term ven- equate in the face of current challenges.
tures, often amortized over 20 to 30 years. The main difficulties encountered in the
Identification and reduction of cumulative effects of human activities
In this context, for such economic activities elaboration of the MSP in Brazil are:
on marine ecosystems. to be stimulated and developed to the full-
ECONOMIC Greater certainty of access to desirable areas for new private sector est, the coastal State needs to guarantee . Inexistence of a specific financing fund
BENEFITS investments, often amortized over 20 to 30 years. some legal certainty for investors, which or budgetary resources provided exclusively
Identification of compatible uses within the same development area. can be achieved through the MSP and its for its implementation;
. Lack of marine data and metadata made
Reduction of conflicts between incompatible uses. Marine Spatial Management Plan. available by governmental and non-gov-
Enhanced ability to plan for new and changing human activities, These negotiations between econom- ernmental institutions in the National Spa-
ic sectors, and especially those linked to
including emerging technologies and their associated effects. tial Data Infrastructure (INDE). Such infor-
Greater safety during the operation of human activities. marine conservation, may give rise to the mation is essential for the elaboration of
need to create hot spots . This is part of
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Promotion of the efficient use of resources and marine space. the elaboration of a MSP discussed by the a Marine Spatial Management Plan in line
Rationalization and transparency in the procedures for permitting representatives appointed by the sectors of with the various activities underway in the
and licensing areas for economic activities. maritime activities, which represent society. Amazônia Azul (Blue Amazon) and with
SOCIAL Improved opportunities for community and citizen participation. This is part of the democratic “game” and those planned for the coming years; and
. The need to strengthen the maritime
BENEFITS Identification of the impacts of decisions on the allocation of ocean must always be sought to convert conflicts mentality and oceanic culture in the
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space (e.g., closure of areas for certain uses, protected areas, etc.) into opportunities. It is also necessary to un- country. The fragility of these two pillars
derstand some sectors that can and should
for communities and economies on land (e.g., employment, income within Brazilian society can compromise
be privileged over others, in very specific
distribution). the desired effects of policies and other
situations, in case of economic and envi-
Identification and better protection of cultural heritage. ronmental impasses (VIVERO et al., 2020). public management instruments aimed at
Identification and preservation of social and spiritual values related the sea.

to the use of the ocean. Such difficulties show how much the mar-
itime nature of the population and the char-
Source: Ehler and Douvere (2009, p. 21, our translation) acter of governments dedicated to the affairs

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