Page 715 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

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SECURITY, DEFENSE AND ECONOMY

OF THE SEA

Gustavo Calero Garriga Pires
William de Sousa Moreira
Frederico Medeiros Vasconcelos de Albuquerque

Israel de Oliveira Andrade
Giovanni Roriz Lyra Hillebrand

1. Introduction

Security and Economy are central pillars by the middle of this century, which makes
of societies and fundamental requirements it possible to foresee the increase in de-
for the quality of countries’ insertion in the mand for natural resources, necessary for
international system. Economic activity, in economic growth and the generation of
particular, is a function of a series of fac- employment without a degree compatible
tors such as capital, labor, technology and with the expected population increase.
natural resources. Maritime spaces have aroused increasing
Coastal countries have easy access to liv- interest from the international community as
ing and non-living resources in the marine science reveals connections between climate
environment. They can also build an infra- and ocean, as well as the possible negative
structure for the exploration and exploita- consequences of human activities. Extreme
tion of these resources and use maritime weather phenomena, global warming, rising
lines of communication for trade and ex- sea levels are some factors of concern. Add-
change of products and services. ed to these are marine pollution, which accu-
Thus, in the demographic distribution of mulates waste from civilization, bad practices
countries, it is observed that coastal regions linked to economic activity, such as the pred-
tend to accumulate population concentra- atory exploitation of resources, including dis-
tions. It is estimated that the planet will orderly fishing and underwater mining, with
reach the mark of nine billion inhabitants environmental impacts of various kinds.

712 BLUE ECONOMY Security, Defense and Economy of the Sea 713
Security, Defense and Economy of the Sea 713
712 A ECONOMIA AZUL