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rare, as ocean sectors are often governed states, stand out for their innovation, for naval strategic actions of PEM 2040, in or- In the national political framework, the
by different regulatory bodies, making approaching the sea economy, or the blue der to meet the naval objective “to cooper- concept of APL has predominated, which
cross-sectoral communication, and plan- economy, from a broader perspective. In ate with national development”, are: does not prevent associations called clus-
ning difficult (p. 79). parallel, is there an arrangement that can Contribute with government agencies ters from being established in Brazil and ac-
Countries in the implementation phase be considered the most appropriate for credited as APLs, to promote maritime sec-
of the marine space management plan are leveraging the Blue Economy? And what and the maritime community in the cre- tors, in this case. APLs can agglutinate more
ation of Maritime Clusters, stimulating
in a planning process that permeates the would be the role of an arrangement in the the materialization of the National Mari- than one association/cluster. The Brazilian
exercise of integration of ocean uses, pre- process of leveraging the Blue Economy in time Policy, through interaction with Min- Agency for Industrial Development (ABDI)
vention of space use conflicts, operating a given territory? istries, municipalities, class entities, study has already issued public notices in the past
standards, optimized and efficient regula- We have observed some initiatives of centers, universities, and municipal, state to support projects coordinated by APLs.
tory process and protection and sustainabil- associativism in Brazil that are constituted and federal schools (p. 65). But are these integration arrangements be-
ity of the main oceanic systems (p. 79). This as integration arrangements in favor of the tween sea actors a reality in Brazil?
is an element that tends to reinforce the economy of the sea or of some economic PEM 2040 also highlights the potential Table 1 is the collection of arrangements
mechanisms of dialogue and integration activity related to the sea. Some Brazilian of the Naval Power Center Construction obtained based on data from the OBAPL
between the multiple sectors of a country’s states have formulated studies, strategies or Program, including the Submarine Program website, showing those included in the APL
maritime economy. policies aimed at the Blue Economy, just as (PROSUB), and the Tamandaré Class Pro- Program. It was observed that, out of a uni-
This chapter aims to raise which pro- there are state policies and practices to sup- gram (PCT), among others, to “leverage the verse of 401 APLs registered in Brazil, few
posals for integration arrangements in Bra- port and strengthen networks, associations development of national industry and relat- are related to any economic activity affecting
zil, including some examples from other and/or productive arrangements. ed segments, favoring the establishment of the sea, with shipbuilding in Manaus (Ama-
‘maritime clusters’, with the generation of zonas); artisanal extractive fishing in Paulista
2. Brazilian scenario qualified, direct and indirect jobs” (p. 83). (Pernambuco); fishing of Baía de Todos os
It can be seen in the literature that there Santos, in Vera Cruz (Bahia); Fish Farming –
Some initiatives to promote arrange- with the purpose of: coordinating actions are similarities between the concepts of Entre Rios Territory, in Piauí; Fish Farming in
ments for the integration, coordination related to the National Policy for Sea Re- Local Productive Arrangements (APL) and the Northern Region of Tocantins and Fish
and development of activities related to sources (PNRM), implement the Brazilian cluster. As far as practice is concerned, Farming in the Development Region (RD) of
the sea have existed for some time, while Antarctic Program (PROANTAR) and exer- both are constituted through leadership Sertão de Itaparica, covering Pernambuco,
others are more recent and innovative. For cise the powers provided for in Law Num- that stimulates the process of integrat- Bahia and Alagoas.
example, with the objective of articulating ber 7.661, of May 16, 1988, which insti- ed local development and grow through Although they are not part of the ta-
several organizational and research institu- tuted the National Coastal Management well-structured governance, which is also ble, it should be noted that there are some
tions, we can mention the Interministerial Plan (PNGC) as part of the PNRM and the subject to change. The APL concept is APLs related to the metalworking sector in
Commission for the Resources of the Sea National Environmental Policy (PNMA), based on a significant number of enter- the country, which is a basic industry, driv-
(CIRM), which has been a central forum giving the CIRM the responsibility for pre- prises and individuals that work around a ing the development of other industries,
for the discussion of matters most related paring the PNGC and its updates. predominant productive activity. The clus- including those related to the economy
to marine science, but which has contrib- From the point of view of the de- ter concept does not necessarily encom- of the sea, such as shipbuilding, maritime
uted to the integration between different velopment of activities more related to pass a predominant productive activity, transport and offshore renewable energies.
actors. Today it comprises sixteen mem- economic power and the resulting social but a service chain with value co-creation. The Rio Grande do Sul Maritime APL, de-
bers, including the Civil House. The CIRM development, the creation of Maritime Cluster theory also takes a closer look at spite being called APL, was not located in
is a deliberative and advisory body, created Clusters can be cited as one of the pio- the sharing of strategic knowledge, de- the OBAPL bases, perhaps for some admin-
on September 12, 1974, and reinstated by neering references, as seen in the Strategic pending, in practice, on the maturity level istrative reason, but was included in the ta-
Decree Number 9.858, on June 25, 2019, Plan of the Navy (PEM 2040). Among the of the cluster. ble due to its representativeness.

342 BLUE ECONOMY The Innovative Arrangements of the Sea Economy 343