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5. International influences on national public policies aimed at the sea 6. Final considerations

The evident thought that the essence of migration, flow of refugees, or others - are The present work, in addition to seeking perspectives, so it chose to analyze the cur-
public policies is the formal manifestation of guiding debates in several international or- to conceptualize and use typological meth- rent state and the perspectives of the main
the will of the State for a certain sector or ganizations (UN, EU, IMO, NATO). From an odology to understand national public po- national policies, therefore, starting from
activity, therefore, of an eminently internal environmental and scientific point of view, licies aimed at the sea, sought to present the the federal level. It should be remembered
character, is adequate. However, the vision the 2030 Agenda can be seen, with Sus- complexity of the network of instruments that, just because of the type of instrument
of international public policy is not uncom- tainable Development Goals (SDGs) clearly that end up signaling the country’s will for of implementation superior to decrees,
mon, including a formally established Associ- related to the sea and others transversally the grandiose, strategic, and fundamental there is a survey of more than two hundred
ation (International Public Policy Association related (when their goals are observed), or sea that borders Brazil. This complexity be- internalized treaties, federal laws, comple-
– IPPA ) or even national and international even the institution of the so-called Decade comes even greater, insofar as it does not mentary laws, ordinary laws, and decrees
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theoretical constructions on such visions, as of Ocean Science (2021- 2030). Still, there come from a single central decision-mak- related to the various themes of the sea.
from Antonio Lassance (2020) or even more is a movement to try to consolidate a rel- ing body, although this articulation is That said, we opted for a brief analysis
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classical scholars such as assurances from evant new Convention on the subject for greatly facilitated due to the accumulation of the two Policies considered more holistic
Jacob Dolinger in his article “World Public the so-called “waters beyond national ju- of functions of Navy Commander and Na- in relation to the sea: the National Policy on
Policy: Real International Public Policy in the risdictions” with the call to the Conference tional Maritime Authority. This dual mission Sea Resources, since it is a specific subject
Conflict of Laws” (1982). In fact, being the (still being finalized) for the elaboration of greatly facilitates the complex relationship dealt with in the more environmental ver-
will of the state, there seems to be no space a Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction of maritime traffic and its entire network sion and the National Maritime Policy, from
to talk about “international public policy” Convention (BBNJ- Convention). with aspects of safety at sea. where, theoretically, all should come, but
or even “global public policy”. All this movement of the will of the However, it cannot be understood that that is in the process of reformulation that
Even for those more legalist, this inter- States ends up also influencing the na- all public policies aimed at the sea derive was discussed. This reformulation certainly
national will only becomes effective as an tional management of maritime affairs; if only from these aspects, much less exclu- will undergo a broad national debate.
authentic public policy in the country when previously, the complex system of compar- sive to the federal Executive Power, nor Subsequently, showing that if the first
it is formally internalized (that is, after the ing four national perspectives has already only made from laws and decrees. This ma- policy addressed (Sea Resources) privileged
entire process of signature, congressional been shown: by transversal theme, by de- trix of complexity sought to demonstrate the perspective “by transversal theme”, as
approval, ratification and internal promul- cision-making competence, by geographic that at least four major prisms have simul- an example, it was decided to approach
gation has taken place). environment and by levels and type of im- taneity in the management of public poli- another policy, from another perspective,
However, the nonsense argument is that plementation instruments (see Fig.1), now cies aimed at the sea. There are four per- in this case “by the geographical environ-
one cannot understand, even more in such there would still be a broad international spectives addressed (by transversal theme; ment”, the Coastal Zone, which was born
global themes as “space”, “environment” context that ends up overlapping this en- by decision-making competence; by geo- under the name of “National Coastal Man-
and “sea”, that the international movement tire framework. Thus, it does not seem graphical environment and by levels and agement Plan”, even before entering into
does not end up also marking the state will. conceivable to dissociate the national will type of implementation instruments) and force in the current Brazilian Constitution,
And, this is a particularly special moment, from the international influence that ends that ended up justifying the creation of the of 1988. This example served as a case
from an international perspective, of the up also helping to guide Brazilian public aforementioned Observatory of Maritime study to demonstrate the complex relation-
sea and its management. Several maritime policies aimed at the sea. In maritime mat- Policies that tried to provide instruments ship with the various “ levels of institution-
themes have dominated the international ters, “only” the national will is not enough, for monitoring, evaluating, and proposing alization” (federal, state, and municipal).
debate agenda. For example, from a securi- it must consider as a relevant variable (al- improvement or implementation of public Having made these three macro policy
ty perspective, it is observed that certain sen- though not imposing) the entire interna- policies aimed at the sea. analyses, an attempt was made to guide
sitive areas under illegal actions - wheth- tional environment and its relationship The present work did not intend to be the relationship of the supervenience of an
er piracy, armed robbery, uncontrolled with the sea. conclusive in trying to analyze the four international agenda on the sea, which has

334 BLUE ECONOMY Public Policies Aimed at the Sea 335