Page 235 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

construction of a navy capable of facing use and protection, since living and non-liv- 2. What is Marine Spatial Planning?
any enemy. Furthermore, he also cites the ing resources are not inexhaustible.
importance of having a population linked Thus, this chapter presents the rele- Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is de- . Strategic and anticipatory, with a fo-
to trade at sea, as it would seek material vance of the elaboration of a national Ma- fined by the Intergovernmental Ocean- cus on the long term; and
gains beyond the national territory, thus rine Spatial Planning (MSP) and the oppor- ographic Commission (IOC), established
boosting the maritime and naval power tunities for discussions in all areas of action within the scope of the United Nations . Participatory, with stakeholders active-
1
of his country. These two of the most im- of the sea in the political-strategic, social, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Orga- ly involved in the process.
portant elements of Mahan’s ocean politics economic, and environmental areas. More nization (UNESCO), as: For the conduct, development, imple-
remain current. The character of the gov- specifically, this research focused more on mentation, monitoring, and evaluation of
ernment and the character of the popula- economic aspects linked to the sea econo- [...] a public process of analyzing and the MSP in the different countries, UNESCO
tion are fundamental for the implementa- my, also called the Blue Economy. allocating the spatial and temporal prepared a manual (EHLER; DOUVRE, 2009),
tion of public policies, programs, projects, Topics were discussed: what is Marine distribution of human activities in systematizing the process in 10 steps:
plans and activities that promote the sea as Spatial Planning; the MSP in the world; marine areas, to achieve ecological,
a source of sustenance, development and what are the costs and where do you want economic and social objectives, which 1) Identify the purposes and establish the
wealth and power of coastal and ocean to achieve with a national MSP; National were usually specified through a po- responsible authorities;
projection nations, such as in the case of MSP Pilot Project; what are the benefits litical process (EHLER; DOUVRE, 2009, 2) Obtain financial support;
Brazil (VIOLANTE, 2016). of MSP, the search for a developed Brazil p. 18, our translation).
The oceans occupy approximately 71% with an updated MSP; which Knowledge 3) Organize the process through pre-plan-
of the Earth’s surface and are intrinsical- Areas the MSP can motivate; and Future It is important to note that human ac- ning;
ly linked to the sustainability of life on the Economic Perspectives. tivities can only be planned and managed 4) Provide stakeholder participation;
Planet, offering alternatives to major global Finally, it was found that the elaboration in marine areas, not marine ecosystems, or
challenges, such as: eradicating hunger; ad- and implementation of the MSP in Brazil can components of ecosystems. Given this prem- 5) Define and analyze the existing condi-
aptation to climate change; diversification contribute to current and future generations ise, human activities can be allocated in ma- tions (Status Plan);
of energy matrices; and application of tech- in the desired sustainable and rational devel- rine areas by objective, for example, conser- 6) Define and analyze future conditions;
nological innovations from bioprospecting, opment based on the protection, conserva- vation areas, or by specific uses, for example,
with a broad spectrum of application, from tion, and use of natural resources in marine wind farms, offshore aquaculture, or sand 7) Prepare and approve the Marine Space
clean energy to drug development. spaces, with the MSP being an important po- extraction (EHLER; DOUVERE, 2009). Management Plan;
Most of the world’s most populous cit- litical and of methodological instrumentation Among the characteristics that must be
ies are coastal. Brazil has more than sev- for the promotion of our Blue Economy. observed in a MSP considered effective, the 8) Implement and enforce the Marine Spa-
en thousand kilometers of coastline, with In addition, a cooperative and integra- following stand out: tial Management Plan;
about 80% of the Brazilian population tive model of actions with cross-border . Based on ecosystems, seeking a bal- 9) Monitor and evaluate performance; and
living within 200 kilometers of the coast; countries can be established, mainly with
85% of energy consumption and 93% of Uruguay and France, in the oceanic part, ance between ecological, economic and 10) Adapt the marine spatial management
industrial production are also located 200 and in the fluvial part with Paraguay and Ar- social goals and objectives in favor of sus- process.
km from the coast; and 95% of exports are gentina, safeguarding the particularities of tainable development; It should be noted that these 10 steps
transported by sea. In addition, Brazil has each State in matters related to the sea that . Integrated, across sectors and agencies, are not simply a linear process that moves
5.7 million km² of maritime jurisdiction, belong to them. Brazil can be a political and and across different levels of government; sequentially from one step to another. Many
called Águas Jurisdicionais Brasileiras (AJB economic leader to the countries bordering . Spatially explicit; feedback loops must be integrated into the
- Brazilian Jurisdictional Waters), which if the South Atlantic in this process, given the MSP process. For example, goals and objec-
well used by man, includes conservation, transboundary dimension of the MSP. . Adaptive, able to learn from experience; tives identified at the beginning of Planning

232 BLUE ECONOMY The Strategic Relevance of Marine Spatial 233