Page 313 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

Continental Shelf (ECS) and the Area, In the concepts of Oceanpolitics, we the use of military forces. Other countries, guided by knowledge accumulated from
where rights and duties are established. found the existence of a Maritime Mentality with the same aspirations to expand their the first coastal navigations until that year.
The superiority of the concepts postulat- in the powers related to the Maritime Power maritime potential, implement changes in Today, after about 40 years of its comple-
ed by Mahan, compared to those of Mac- that, throughout history, won wars and, to support of their Merchant Navies, with spe- tion, we are in contact with strong changes
kinder, is supported by the following facts: a large extent, gave rise to values related to cial tax guidelines applied, in flags of con- in the context, where technology begins
a) throughout history, the victories of mar- democracy, the fundamental freedoms of the venience and/or second registration. the use of robots in the management of
itime powers in confrontations with land human being, with the irradiation of knowl- Thus, we consider that the brave partic- ships, platforms for energy sources and oil
powers; edge and development and with the contri- ipants of the Great Navigations, Admirals exploration and, in the same dynamics, the
b) world trade, primarily carried out through bution of the exchange of cultures brought Themistocles and Mahan, the geographer replacement of charts (the portolans, of
merchant ships; about by maritime trade. Thus, we can say Ratzel, the scientists of marine subjects and yore), as well as analogue navigation aids.
c) the magnitude of the existing natural re- that we have sets of procedures, activities, the war and merchant sailors, of yesterday The existence of a Maritime Mentality, in
sources in the sea; and actions of Oceanpolitics, which were for- and today, were and are motivated by the addition to inducing, strengthens the stud-
d) the constant development of technolo- mulated and consolidated, from thoughts, elements that make up the Maritime Men- ies of Oceanpolitics, by expanding horizons
gies for the exploitation of these resources; beliefs and traditions, over time, observed in tality. They are some of the precursors of beyond the limits of terrestrial borders. In
e) the importance of the oceans for the en- peoples with a Maritime Mentality. Oceanpolitics and contributors to the de- this virtuous navigation, as demonstrated,
vironment; and Examples of the supremacy of maritime velopment of their peoples and countries, the Maritime Mentality brings cultures to-
f) the phenomenon of “territorialization” powers are many, such as Greece, in the vic- in matters related to activities carried out, gether, establishes rules in international rela-
of the oceans. The application, in the tory of the Naval Battle of Salamis. Athens, directly or indirectly, in the oceans. tions, whether those based on the formality
oceans, of the geopolitical concept Uti due to the victory over the Persians, had the This understanding highlights, once of a legal system or on beliefs and customs.
Possidetis (in short, possession derives possibility to radiate the basis of the philos- again, that the existence of a Maritime In the formulation of the concepts of
from presence), through the human occu- ophy of Western civilization. Portugal, with Mentality precedes the studies of Oceanpo- Oceanpolitics, transcribed below, the in-
pation of maritime areas, through the use the Great Navigations, is the pioneer of glo- litics and indicates a synergy between the fluence of the Maritime Mentality can be
of debatable interpretations of concepts of balization. England, with the victories over consequences of the adopted initiatives, verified:
the III United Nations Convention on the the Invincible Armada and in Trafalgar, im- insofar as there are successes in the devel-
Law of Sea, supported by military forces. posed the Pax Britannica, where the Monar- opment of the peoples involved. “Oceanpolitics involves the State as a cen-
Considerations related to the influence chy, with political limitations of parliament, From another perspective, we observe tral element for the adoption of sovereign
of oceanic spaces on the destinies of states won the absolutism of France and Spain. that since at least 1609, when Mare Libe- decisions, considering the oceanic spac-
were consolidated by what came to be called Currently, the United States of America, rum was published by Hugo Grotius, the es, on the fate of their population, as
the Theory of Maritime Power, with Admiral with globalization and the Pax Americana, international community has been expand- well as in power relations with other
Mahan as its main formulator (NOGUEIRA, has a Navy that allows it to act globally, in ing and updating the Maritime Mentality, States and, considering the international
1991). However, the Theory of Maritime support of North American interests. having as one of its points of analysis, the political-strategic conjuncture, with the
Power failed to achieve the same academ- On the horizon, with ambitions of mar- legal system related to the Oceans. other actors in the international relations”
ic prestige as that presented by scholars itime power, we see the flag of China in In 1982, after 14 years and with the (BARBOSA JUNIOR, 2009).
of Land Power, largely due to the demand the largest merchant fleet in the world, participation of about 150 countries, the
for greater knowledge about maritime ac- with most of the most important ports and efforts of the international community con- As another attempt, the thesis from the
tivities. In this way, it is convenient to use associated with a robust strengthening of tributed to the elaboration of the United Naval Postgraduate School:
the concepts presented by Mahan to begin its Navy. It is also worth mentioning Russia, Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. “...Oceanpolitics establishes guidelines
the analysis of the influence of the factors which, even after the decline of the USSR, The so-called “Constitution of the Sea”, for the State to use the oceans as a
observed in the oceans in the politics of the as always, has been adopting the model which establishes rights and duties from space where it must expand and project its
states, that is, Oceanpolitics. of military causes, with a predominance of the TS to the ECS and to the Area, was influence...” (author’s translation)

310 BLUE ECONOMY Maritime Mentality and National Development 311