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It so happens that the Brazilian strate- definition, resulting in several countries de-
gy in recent decades has gone against the fining it according to their imminent interests
Figure 1. Illustration of how the processes of cooperation tide of other nations at similar levels of de- (PEREIRA, 2020). Thus, one cannot talk about
and science diplomacy relate to governance and the velopment: less is invested in science and Blue Economy in Brazil without contextualiz-
importance of this integration to foster the Blue Economy
technology and more in the agro-extractive ing it in the international debate and nation-
industry, with a high impact on the environ- al economic and social interests. Here, once
governance ment (RAJÃO et al., 2022). Limited public again, we see the essential role of diplomacy.
and private resources allied to the pace of Itamaraty has recognized and defend-
scientific intellectual property protection processes in ed more fruitful agreements, in which Bra-
zil opens up opportunities for the national
diplomacy Brazil result in low technological innovation community in the increasingly competitive
and high risk in investments in research and
development. Despite the recognized cre- global market. The Innovation Diplomacy
ative capacity and entrepreneurial spirit of Program is a good example (MINISTRY OF
our people, the obstacles faced by those FOREIGN AFFAIRS, 2022). With the objective
cooperacion who launch the campaign of technologi- of breaking stereotypes linked to the image
of Brazil abroad and branding a country that
cal innovation are many, which makes the
Brazilian product more expensive and less produces knowledge, products and services
competitive in the international market. In in sectors on the scientific frontier, the Pro-
the ocean this is no different. gram seeks to promote activities that cover:
The second largest ocean company in monitoring of public policies, elaboration of
the world is Brazilian (VIRDIN et al., 2021). market intelligence, identification of part-
Petrobras has a large investment in tech- nerships, attraction of investments, support
nological development, which has allowed for the internationalization of technology
it to reach great depths, innovating in cut- companies, mobilization of the Brazilian sci-
blue economy ting-edge technology for the sector. Appro- entific and technological diaspora, as well
priate public policies, such as “Lei do Bem”
as fostering collaboration between Brazilian
(Law of Good – Law 11,196/2005), encour- and foreign technology parks and innova-
Source: Authors
age companies like Petrobras to reduce risks tion environments. The focus of the Brazil-
by investing in technological innovation. ian government is, therefore, on innovation
3. The Brazilian case However, this technological development diplomacy, aimed at increasing national
is still highly focused on extractive activi- competitiveness abroad, and not only one
Brazil is an extractive country. Our and added value. Of course, reserves of ties, a position in which Brazil is increasingly a more comprehensive science diplomacy
economy is based on the exploitation natural raw materials for the technology consolidated. The practices of marine tech- (ANUNCIATO, SANTOS, 2020).
of natural resources in their natural industry play a central role in this develop- nological innovation are still very incipient, Unfortunately, the ocean economy sec-
form, with low added technological val- ment, but the highest market value is in although the marine environment is a po- tor is not sufficiently present in the Inno-
ue. This is natural for a privileged terri- the final product, not in the basic inputs. tential holder of many assets not yet exploit- vation Diplomacy program, highlighting
tory with diverse plant physiognomies Thus, it becomes imperative to seek com- ed in a sustainable way, which is why the how ineffective national policies for the
and water regimes. However, the global petitiveness of the national product in the world is currently focusing on the concept development of the blue economy have
market is increasingly looking for solu- global market, which would mean high in- of a Blue Economy. Blue Economy is, there- been. However, there is an opportunity to
tions with high technological content vestments in research and innovation. fore, a global trend, but it still lacks a clear raise the public debate on the importance

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