Page 114 - Economia Azul - versão: inglês

the 2030 Agenda. As opposed to just dis- from the Aid for Trade Initiative (target 8.a). governance institutions (targets 16.7, OTEC, for example), it is still marginalized
cussing the interconnections and trade-offs SDG 9 focuses on the need to develop in- 16.8, 16.a and 16.b). This is particularly with regard to the current energy transi-
between SDGs, it was limited to identifying frastructure and financial conditions for this important in the different national and in- tion. Even though it seeks to “strengthen
the relevance of SDG 14 targets, Table 1 (targets 9.1, 9.3, 9.4 and 9.a), addressing the ternational organizations dealing with the the means of implementation”, SDG 17
showed how different goals of the other discussions on the maritime economy, which different sectors related to the Blue Econ- is paradoxically ignored in most analyses
SDGs relate to the Blue Economy. prioritizes ports, logistics and coastal infra- omy. Finally, SDG 17 has many links to when it comes to the role of the seas and
In fact, the Blue Economy has a close re- structure. SDG 10 reinforces empowerment the theme (targets 17.3, 17.6, 17.7, 17.9, ocean in the 2030 Agenda.
lationship with different goals of the 2030 and the promotion of social inclusion (targets 17.16, 17.17 and 17.18), as it reinforces Particularly with regard to the Global
Agenda, which is evidenced in the UN 10.2 and 10.6), which is especially important, the need for partnerships and means for South, this debate has an additional impe-
Ocean Decade itself. There is a relationship for example, for local, traditional, riverine and implementing the targets. By highlighting tus, including due to the data gap (IOC-Un-
with SDG 1 and SDG 2, especially when it is fishermen populations. finance, technologies, training, trade and esco, 2019). Without a doubt, it is possible
common knowledge that fisheries and ac- With a focus on sustainable cities and systemic issues (policy and institutional co- to say that Brazil is a country with a mari-
tivities related to the seas and ocean have communities, SDG 11 seeks to strengthen herence; multisectoral partnerships; and time vocation. It is worth remembering that
great potential to reduce and eradicate pov- efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s data, monitoring and accountability), such its colonization took place initially through
erty (targets 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.a and 1.b) and cultural and natural heritage (target 11.4), a close relationship is clear not only with the coastal zone and that, even today, a
hunger (targets 2.1 and 2.2). The relation- substantially reduce direct economic losses the Blue Economy, but also more generally significant portion of the population lives
ship with SDG 3 is clear in the fight against caused by water-related disasters (target with the Ocean Decade. in this region. Despite this, Brazilian society
waterborne diseases (target 3.3) and in re- 11.5), and reduce negative environmental Given the proposed methodological does not have a broad maritime education,
ducing the number of deaths and diseases impacts associated with municipal waste paradigm, all the SDGs have an impact on mentality and/or culture (SANTOS, 2021b).
resulting from water and soil pollution (tar- management (target 11.6). SDG 12 con- maritime and oceanic activities – highlight- In the Brazilian case, there is still no offi-
get 3.9). Undoubtedly, education (targets siders the efficient use of natural resources ing that some of them suggest their own cial definition of Blue Economy, sea econo-
4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7 and 4.b) and gender (tar- and reduces per capita food waste by half means of implementation (MoI). Among my, coastal economy and/or ocean econo-
gets 5.5 and 5.a) are growing issues in this (targets 12.2 and 12.3), considering envi- the main activities and sectors, the fol- my. In July 2020, the Technical Group (TG)
debate, precisely through the discussion of ronmentally sound management of chem- lowing stand out: socioeconomic develop- GDP of the Sea was created, under the
ocean literacy and the ocean-gender nexus. icals and all waste (target 12.4) – again, ment; fishing; research, development and coordination of the Ministry of Economy.
SDG 6 is closely related to maritime and mentioning sustainable tourism (target innovation (RD&I); maritime infrastructure; The TG aims to: “Define the concept of
oceanic issues (targets 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 12.b). In addressing climate change, SDG 13 biodiversity and sustainability; and public a blue/sea economy for Brazil; identify its
6.6, 6.a and 6.b), while SDG 7 highlights is closely related to the maritime and oce- policies through partnerships with private sectors and activities; prepare a proposal
the importance of increasing the share of anic agenda (targets 13.1, 13.2, 13.3 and sectors, as well as through regional and in- for a methodology to measure the GDP of
renewable energy in the global energy mix 13.b), as is SDG 14 (all targets). Focusing on ternational cooperation. the Brazilian Sea; and present a sugges-
(target 7.2) and international cooperation life on land, SDG 15 considers inland fresh- Therefore, it is possible to highlight the tion for consequent institutionalization”.
to facilitate access to clean energy research water (target 15.1) and significantly reduc- connection of all the SDGs of the 2030 Therefore, the country will adopt the con-
and technologies (target 7.a) – although es the impact of invasive exotic species on Agenda with the activities of the Blue cept of “economy of the sea” and, within
it does not directly mention the poten- aquatic ecosystems (target 15.8), proposing Economy. In some cases, these relation- the scope of this TG, is discussing ways of
tial arising from offshore energies. SDG 8 financial support for this (target 15.a). ships are not even mentioned or suggested measuring and defining which sectors will
emphasizes the need to sustain per capi- SDG 16 also has different relation- in the 2030 Agenda. This is the case for be included in the “GDP of the Sea”, fully
ta economic growth according to national ships with the Blue Economy, highlighting its relationship with SDGs 7 and 17. De- or partially (SANTOS, 2021b).
circumstances (targets 8.1, 8.3, 8.4), men- the need to ensure responsive, inclusive, spite having an enormous potential already The economy of the sea in Brazil was
tioning sustainable tourism (target 8.9). In participatory and representative deci- proven for offshore energies in certain re- proposed in a doctoral thesis, considering
addition, it reinforces the demand for support sion-making at all levels, including global gions (waves, ocean currents, tides and activities directly and indirectly related to

112 BLUE ECONOMY Blue Economy and the 2030 Agenda 113